How is the purity of molten steel improved and grain refinement ensured in production?

The main materials used for forgings are various grades of carbon steel and alloy steel, followed by aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium, and their alloys. The raw states of the materials include billets, ingots, metal powders, and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the metal before deformation to that after deformation is called the forging ratio.

Proper selection of the forging ratio, reasonable heating temperature and holding time, appropriate initial and final forging temperatures, as well as reasonable deformation amount and deformation speed, are crucial for improving the quality of forged products and reducing costs. Do you know how to improve the purity of molten steel during the forging process?

The content of P and S in the furnace charge should be kept as low as possible. High content of these elements can prolong the smelting time, leading to increased erosion of the furnace lining and increased inclusion in the steel. If the boiling during the oxidation period is not good, most of the smaller deoxidation products are difficult to float up and remain in the molten steel.

Therefore, decarburization should be ensured to be no less than 40% to guarantee decarburization intensity and remove inclusions through boiling. It is necessary to ensure that the molten steel remains calm in the ladle for a certain period of time to facilitate the floating of inclusions. The entire pouring system should be thoroughly cleaned and blown to remove dust, and dust prevention measures should be taken after cleaning to prevent non-metallic inclusions such as refractory materials from being entrained in the molten steel. At the same time, attention should be paid to strengthening the slag trapping in the intermediate ladle.